<Colonoscopy>

What is Colonoscopy / Lower Endoscopy?

Colonoscopy is also called lower endoscopy. A colonoscopy is an examination of the inside of your large intestine by inserting an endoscope from anus to cecum or terminal ileum. During colonoscopy, extra procedures can be done, e.g. biopsies, polypectomies, hemostasis etc., if necessary.

Common indications for colonoscopy

  • Fresh blood or mucus in stool
  • Frequent constipation/frequent diarrhea (change in bowel habits)
  • There is a mass in the abdomen
  • Black and red blood stains/blood clots in the stool
  • Abdominal colics/cramps
  • Tenesmus
  • Stool occult blood test positive
  • History of colonic polyps/colon cancer (if a family member has ever suffered from bowel cancer, they should undergo regular check-ups)

Asymptomatic patients over 50 years old are also encouraged to have colonoscopy screening to prevent colon cancer.

Before Colonoscopy:

  • Start eating low-residue food 3-5 days before colonoscopy
  • Eat congee/rice noodle/macaroni 1-3 days before colonoscopy
  • Take laxative solution the night before colonoscopy
  • Stop eating and drinking 6 hours before colonoscopy

During Colonoscopy

During colonoscopy, doctors sedate the patients and patients usually feel no pain and do not recall any discomfort during the colonoscopy procedure. Doctors pass the endoscope through the patients' anus to the cecum or terminal ileum. Through the video screen, doctors can diagnose the diseases inside the colon. If polyps are found, they can be removed immediately and sent for histology examination. If a cancer is found or suspected, the doctor will take a biopsy for histology examination.

After Colonoscopy

  • Resume regular diet after colonoscopy.
  • Abdominal bloating and bowel colic sensation will resolve with passage of flatus.
  • Surgeons will explain the result to the patient after the colonoscopy.